Andean condor Vultur gryphus
Andean condor Vultur gryphus
Vulnerable
Resident: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile; Colombia, Ecuador; Peru, Brazil, Paraguay.
Possibly Extinct and Reintroduced: Venezuela, Bolivia
The Andean condor Vultur gryphus is one of the largest flying #birds in the world and arguably the most majestic, with a wingspan of up to 3.3 metres and a body weight of up to 15 kilograms. These amazing birds are able to soar for up to five hours and cruise for over 100 kilometres using only the wind currents, not flapping. These vultures are primarily scavengers, feeding on carrion from large carcasses such as deer, cattle, and marine mammals. With a striking black plumage and distinct white ruff around their necks, they are iconic symbols of the #Andes mountains. Despite their impressive size and strength, Andean #condors are classified as #Vulnerable from human-related threats including habitat loss for #palmoil, #soy and #meat #deforestation. Farmers persecute these beautiful birds putting poison into animal carcasses. Their slow reproductive rate makes their survival even more challenging. These birds are critical for ecosystems, disposing carrion. Thus they prevent the spread of diseases. Help them to survive by simply changing your diet and buying habits. #BoycottMeat and be #vegan #Boycott4Wildlife
Andean #Condors of #SouthAmerica đŠ đ» are the largest flying #birds in đ have a wingspan of 3.3. mtrs, they soar 100âs of km on the wind. Theyâre endangered due to intensive #agriculture. Help them survive, be #vegan #Boycott4Wildlife đđ„ @palmoildetect wp.me/pcFhgU-8S0
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Soaring flying #birds of #Peru #Ecuador #Colombia and #Brazil, Andean #Condors are #vulnerable from #agriculture and ranchers poisoning them with #pesticide. Help these magnificent birds to survive! Be #vegan đ„đ„Š and #Boycott4Wildlife đŠ đ @palmoildetect wp.me/pcFhgU-8S0
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Appearance & Behaviour
The Andean condor is a strangely beautiful and ecologically important bird. Their regal standing pose is an impressive height of 1.2 metres. With their wingspan reaching up to 3.3 metres. This makes Andean Condors the largest flying birds in the world by weight and wingspan combined. One study found that a condor was able to glide for over 100 kilometres without flapping their wings. They are built for soaring, using their large wings and air currents to glide effortlessly through the skies, often travelling more than 200 kilometres in a single day in search of food.
Adults are almost entirely black, except for a striking white frill around their necks and large white patches on their wings, which are only visible after their first moult.
The condorâs bald head and neck are red to blackish-red, and this colour can change rapidly depending on their emotional state. Males boast a dark red comb on their heads and a wattle on their necks, which are absent in females. Interestingly, males are larger than females, an unusual trait among birds of prey.
Andean Condors are social birds and form strong social hierarchies within their groups. Dominant males typically occupy the highest rank. Alpha males use body language, competitive play and vocalisations to establish their dominance. In flight, their long wings and bent-up primary feathers give them a unique silhouette, allowing them to soar for hours with minimal wing flapping.
Threats
Pesticide contamination
Widespread use of pesticides in agricultural areas is one of the most critical threats to Andean condors. When condors consume carcasses contaminated by these chemicals, they suffer from severe poisoning, which affects their health and reproductive success. This long-term exposure has a cumulative negative impact on condor populations .
Human-wildlife conflict
In rural areas, particularly in Bolivia, poisoned bait intended for predators like pumas has unintentionally killed condors. In 2021, 34 condors were found dead after consuming poisoned bait meant for other animals. This incident led the town of Laderas Norte to declare itself a protected reserve for condors, though the vast range of the species limits the effectiveness of localised protection .
Lead poisoning
Andean Condors are also exposed to lead poisoning when they consume carcasses shot with lead-based ammunition. This toxin can cause severe damage to their nervous systems and further reduce their already declining population .
Agricultural expansion
The expansion of agriculture for soy, meat, coffee and sugar cane is destroying the condorsâ natural habitat. This destruction reduces their available foraging grounds and nesting areas. This also increases the likelihood of encounters with humans, further elevating the risk of persecution.
Persecution by farmers
Andean condors are often wrongly accused of attacking livestock, which leads to persecution through direct hunting or poisoning. Despite their preference for scavenging, these birds are sometimes seen as a threat by farmers .
Each of these threats compounds the challenges faced by the Andean condor, placing them at significant risk of further population decline. A combination of strong and urgent protection and better educational awareness of them as a species is necessary. As a consumer you can boycott meat and soy and be vegan (meat and soy are main sources of agricultural expansion throughout their range).
Habitat
The Andean condor can be found across South America, primarily in the Andes mountain range. Their range includes countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. They also inhabit coastal regions and, occasionally, lowland deserts and grasslands. Though rare, condors have been reported in Brazil, Venezuela, and Paraguay, but populations in these countries are thought to be vagrant. They are most often found in open grasslands and alpine areas, where they can spot carrion from the air.
Diet
Andean condors are obligate scavengers, meaning their diet primarily consists of carrion. They prefer large carcasses of deer, cattle, or marine mammals, and they have been known to feed on wild animals such as guanacos, llamas, and rheas. Along the coast, they often consume the beached carcasses of whales and sea lions. Occasionally, they may raid smaller birdsâ nests to eat eggs or even hunt small mammals like rabbits and rodents, though this is rare. Despite their size, Andean condors do not possess strong talons for capturing prey and rely on their large beaks to tear into the tough hides of deceased animals.
Mating and breeding
Andean condors are monogamous and form lifelong pairs. During courtship, males display their dominance by inflating the skin around their necks, which changes from dull red to a brilliant yellow. They also engage in a series of elaborate displays, including wing spreading and vocalisations. Females lay one to two eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of 54 to 58 days. Both parents share in the incubation duties. Once the chick hatches, they remain with their parents for up to two years, learning to soar and hunt before becoming fully independent. Condors breed every two years, and due to their low reproductive rate, their populations are slow to recover from declines.
Support Andean Condor by going vegan and boycotting palm oil in the supermarket, itâs the #Boycott4Wildlife
Efforts to protect the Andean condor have gained momentum across South America. Numerous reintroduction programs, using captive-bred individuals, are in place in countries like Argentina, Colombia, and Chile. These programs are crucial, as the species faces threats from habitat loss, secondary poisoning, and direct persecution. Condors are often mistakenly targeted by farmers who perceive them as a threat to livestock.
In a significant and symbolic act of protection, the town of Laderas Norte in southern Bolivia became a reserve for Andean condors in 2021. After 34 condors were unintentionally killed by poisoned bait meant for pumas, the town passed a municipal law turning itself into a protected area for these birds. The Quebracho and Condor Natural Reserve, covering 3,296 hectares (8,145 acres), may not be vast enough to fully secure the condorsâ daily roaming needs, but it is a powerful gesture showing community commitment to protecting this majestic species. This reserve also protects a key stand of white quebracho trees, adding further ecological value to the area.
Further Information
BirdLife International. (2020). Vultur gryphus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22697641A181325230. dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.202âŠ
Mongabay. (2023, December). Top stories of change from Latin America in 2023. Mongabay. news.mongabay.com/2023/12/top-âŠ
Piña, C. I., Pacheco, R. E., Jacome, L., Borghi, C. E., & Pavez, E. F. (2020). Pesticides: The most threat to the conservation of the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus). Biological Conservation, 242, 108418. dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.20âŠ
Wikipedia contributors. (2023, September 11). Andean condor. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_câŠ
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Learn about other animals endangered by palm oil and other agriculture
Global
South America
S.E. Asia
India
Africa
West Papua & PNG
Brazilian three-banded armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus
Sumatran Tiger Panthera tigris sondaica
Bateleur Eagle Terathopius ecaudatus
Borneo Forest Dragon Gonocephalus bornensis
Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus
Sunda Clouded Leopard Neofelis diardi
Learn about âsustainableâ palm oil greenwashing
Read more about RSPO greenwashing
Lying
Fake labels
Indigenous Land-grabbing
Human rights abuses
Deforestation
Human health hazards
A 2019 World Health Organisation (WHO) report into the palm oil industry and RSPO finds extensive greenwashing of palm oil deforestation and the murder of endangered animals (i.e. biodiversity loss)
#Agriculture #AndeanCondorVulturGryphus #Andes #animals #Bird #birdOfPrey #birds #Bolivia #Boycott4wildlife #BoycottMeat #BoycottPalmOil #Brazil #carnivores #Colombia #Condors #deforestation #Ecuador #humanWildlifeConflict #hunting #industrialAgriculture #meat #meatAgriculture #PalmOil #palmOilDeforestation #palmoil #Paraguay #Peru #pesticide #pesticides #predator #scavenger #SouthAmerica #soy #vegan #vulnerable #VulnerableSpecies
Brazilian three-banded armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus
Brazilian three-banded armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus
Vulnerable
Extant (resident): Brazil: Minas Gerais, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, GoiĂĄs, Tocantins, PiauĂ, ParaĂba, CearĂĄ, MaranhĂŁo.The Brazilian three-banded #armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus, known as âtatu-bolaâ in Portuguese, is a rare and unique species native to #Brazil. With the ability to roll into a near-impenetrable ball, this endearing behaviour has made them an icon of conservation efforts. They are found in the dry forests and savannahs of Brazil, particularly in the #Cerrado and Caatinga biomes. These fascinating armoured creatures are Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to agricultural expansion for #palmoil, #soy and #meat. Fragmentation of their ecosystem is ongoing for infrastructure projects and #goldmining. With their population in sharp decline, efforts to protect their habitats are essential for their survival. Help them every time you shop and adopt a #vegan diet, and #BoycottPalmOil #BoycottGold #Boycott4Wildlife on social media!Resilient Brazilian three-banded #armadillos are fascinating real-life #pokemon of #SouthAmerica. Theyâre vulnerable from #palmoil meat and soy #deforestation in #Brazil. Resist their #extinction! Be #vegan #Boycottpalmoil #Boycott4Wildlife @palmoildetect wp.me/pcFhgU-8R9
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Share to TwitterBrazilian three-banded #armadillos are the adorable armoured tanks of #Brazilâs #Cerrado who can curl into an armoured ball. They are #vulnerable from #deforestation. Help them survive by being #vegan and #Boycottpalmoil #Boycott4Wildlife @palmoildetect wp.me/pcFhgU-8R9
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- The word âarmadilloâ means âlittle armoured oneâ in Spanish.
- They are known as âkwarĂĄuâ in the now extinct HuamoĂ© language and ËkÊÌšÌñĂkÄŻÌ in the KambiwĂĄ language of Brazil.
- Brazilian three-banded armadillos have a good nose and can smell termites and ants through up to 20 cm of soil.
- Their loose armour creates a layer of air, helping them to regulate their temperature in harsh climates.
- They are one of only two armadillo species that can roll into a tight ball.
Brazilian three-banded armadillos are easily recognised by their distinctive armour, which is composed of bony plates known as scutes. These scutes, covered in keratinised skin, form a protective shell around the animalâs body, allowing them to roll into a tight ball when threatened. This unique defence mechanism makes them virtually immune to most natural predators in the wild â except for humans. Their compact body length of 22 to 27 cm and a weight of about 1 to 1.6 kg makes it easy for them to navigate in the forest.
Their distinctive sharp claws and elongated snouts are perfectly adapted for foraging for ants and termites. Although primarily solitary, they sometimes travel in small family groups. They keep their noses to the ground sniffing out insects and move in a deliberate cautious way. Unlike other burrowing armadillos they prefer to hide in bushes for shelter and camouflage.
Threats
Deforestation for palm oil, soy and meat agriculture
Forest and grassland destruction for soy, palm oil, sugar cane and meat plantations is a serious threat. This has drastically reduced the Brazilian three-banded armadilloâs range in the Cerrado and Caatinga biomes.Human encroachment for infrastructure projects
The Brazilian three-banded armadillo is impervious to many natural threats in their environment. However, infrastructure projects, roads, housing have become a significant threat to their survival.Illegal hunting
Brazilian three-banded armadillos are hunted for their skins and meat.Conservation
Conservation efforts for the Brazilian three-banded armadillo are indirect and focused on habitat protection rather than direct intervention. Protected areas within the Cerrado and Caatinga offer some refuge for the species. Yet large portions of their habitat remains at risk for deforestation.Habitat
Resilient and tough, this armadillo has adapted over millions of years to thrive in harsh landscapes of poor rainfall and poor soil. Brazilian three-banded armadillos are found primarily in the northeastern regions of Brazil, inhabiting the open savannahs of the Cerrado and the dry woodlands of the Caatinga.Diet
Brazilian three-banded armadillos are primarily insectivores, relying heavily on ants and termites as their main food source. Sharp claws allow them to dig into insect nests, and they use their long, sticky tongues to collect the prey. Occasionally they supplement their diet with molluscs, worms, fruit, and carrion.Mating and breeding
The breeding season occurs between October and January. After a gestation period of approximately 120 days, females give birth to a single pup. Newborns are born blind, and their armour remains soft and pliable in the first weeks of life. A young armadilloâs shell hardens by week four. By this time they will be capable of protective rolling into a ball and walking. They are weaned by 10 weeks of age and reach reproductive maturity between 9 and 12 months.Support Brazilian Three-Banded Armadillos by going vegan and boycotting palm oil in the supermarket, itâs the #Boycott4Wildlife
Support the conservation of this species
This animal has no protections in place. Read about other forgotten species here. Create art to support this forgotten animal or raise awareness about them by sharing this post and using the #Boycottpalmoil #Boycott4Wildlife hashtags on social media. Also you can boycott palm oil in the supermarket.Further Information
Miranda, F., Moraes-Barros, N., Superina, M., & Abba, A. M. (2014). Tolypeutes tricinctus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T21975A47443455. doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1âŠWikipedia Contributors. (n.d.). Brazilian three-banded armadillo. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BraziliaâŠ
Animalia. (n.d.). Brazilian Three-Banded Armadillo. Retrieved from animalia.bio/brazilian-three-bâŠ
How can I help the #Boycott4Wildlife?
Take Action in Five Ways
1. Join the #Boycott4Wildlife on social media and subscribe to stay in the loop: Share posts from this website to your own network on Twitter, Mastadon, Instagram, Facebook and Youtube using the hashtags #Boycottpalmoil #Boycott4Wildlife.
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Join 1,390 other subscribers
2. Contribute stories: Academics, conservationists, scientists, indigenous rights advocates and animal rights advocates working to expose the corruption of the palm oil industry or to save animals can contribute stories to the website.
Wildlife Artist Juanchi PĂ©rez
Mel Lumby: Dedicated Devotee to Borneoâs Living Beings
Anthropologist and Author Dr Sophie Chao
Health Physician Dr Evan Allen
The Worldâs Most Loved Cup: A Social, Ethical & Environmental History of Coffee by Aviary Doert
How do we stop the worldâs ecosystems from going into a death spiral? A #SteadyState Economy
3. Supermarket sleuthing: Next time youâre in the supermarket, take photos of products containing palm oil. Share these to social media along with the hashtags to call out the greenwashing and ecocide of the brands who use palm oil. You can also take photos of palm oil free products and congratulate brands when they go palm oil free.
twitter.com/CuriousApe4/statusâŠ
twitter.com/PhillDixon1/statusâŠ
twitter.com/mugabe139/status/1âŠ
4. Take to the streets: Get in touch with Palm Oil Detectives to find out more.
5. Donate: Make a one-off or monthly donation to Palm Oil Detectives as a way of saying thank you and to help pay for ongoing running costs of the website and social media campaigns. Donate here
Learn about other animals endangered by palm oil and other agriculture
Global
South America
S.E. Asia
India
Africa
West Papua & PNG
Sumatran Tiger Panthera tigris sondaica
Bateleur Eagle Terathopius ecaudatus
Borneo Forest Dragon Gonocephalus bornensis
Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus
Sunda Clouded Leopard Neofelis diardi
Glaucous Macaw Anodorhynchus glaucus
Learn about âsustainableâ palm oil greenwashing
Read more about RSPO greenwashing
Lying
Fake labels
Indigenous Land-grabbing
Human rights abuses
Deforestation
Human health hazardsA 2019 World Health Organisation (WHO) report into the palm oil industry and RSPO finds extensive greenwashing of palm oil deforestation and the murder of endangered animals (i.e. biodiversity loss)
#animals #armadillo #armadillos #Bantrophyhunting #Boycott4wildlife #BoycottGold #BoycottPalmOil #Brazil #BrazilianThreeBandedArmadilloTolypeutesTricinctus #Cerrado #deforestation #extinction #ForgottenAnimals #goldMining #goldmining #hunting #meat #meatAgriculture #meatAndSoyDeforestationInBrazil #meatDeforestation_ #PalmOil #palmOilDeforestation #palmoil #poachers #poaching #pokemon #SouthAmericaSpeciesEndangeredByPalmOilDeforestation #SouthAmerica #soy #soyDeforestation #vegan #vulnerable #VulnerableSpecies
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